Jehoshua is on the throne of David in New Jerusalem and He is the King of a New Israel
1God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets,2Hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds;3Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and upholding all things by the word of his power, when he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;4Being made so much better than the angels, as he hath by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they.5For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?6And again, when he bringeth in the firstbegotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him.7And of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire.8But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom.9Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.10And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands:11They shall perish; but thou remainest; and they all shall wax old as doth a garment;12And as a vesture shalt thou fold them up, and they shall be changed: but thou art the same, and thy years shall not fail.13But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?14Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation? Verse 1, God the Father spoke in the old testament times by the prophets in diverse ways. Verse 2, However in these last days (since Christ's first advent), God the Father spoke to us through His Son. God spoke through Jesus only in the last days not in the old testament times. Jesus was the coming prophet according to Moses and not an already existing angel or god. Verse 3, Jesus is the brightness of Jehovah's shekinah glory. The Majesty of God dwells fully in the Son of God and radiates from Jesus very being. Jesus is the express image of God the Father, meaning He has all the attributes in character that the Father inherently has. He also has the Father's Majesty fully in Him and radiates God's very image tangibly. Jesus purged our sins making full atonement for them by His death on the cross. Verse 4, at Christ's ascension to glory, He inherited a name that was above every name. He is the final word of God to humanity and surpasses the revelation given by angels. Jesus has inherited the name "Jehovah", the name refers to authority and character as Jesus has been given all authority by Jehovah God and perfectly represents His character. In Jeremiah 23:6, the coming Christ is referred to as "Jehovah our Righteousness". Verse 5, Jehovah never said to an angel that he (any angel) was His (Jehovah's) begotten Son. Jesus is not a preexistent angel according to the author of Hebrews. Psalm 2:7 is quoted here and in context refers to Jesus resurrection and ascension to glory. Christ was begotten by the Father miraculously in the womb of Mary, however He was also begotten (born again) at His baptism as in the oldest manuscripts Psalm 2:7 is quoted at Christ's baptism. Christ was begotten from the dead at His resurrection and declared to be the Son of God with power by the Spirit of holiness as it was God's Spirit that raised up Jesus. He also was begotten by the Father after His ascension when He was anointed by the Holy Spirit (Heb 1:8-9). The word begotten can also mean "to declare pedigrees" and the anointing of Jesus in this text is for the purpose of Him fulfilling the offices of King and High Priest. Jesus pedigree in which He was predestined was to fulfill, were the offices of King and High Priest. The Father-Son relationship is one of intimacy, love and union. This is a covenant relationship between Jehovah and His anointed King of Israel. Jehovah was also a son to Saul, David and Solomon as well as any king of David's line who sought to do Jehovah's will. Verse 6, this is a reference to Christ's ascension to glory (Psalm 89:27). The word "world" here is not the typical Greek word referring to the present world but to the world to come (Heb 2:5). In Revelation 5, we see the angels, beasts and elders worshipping the Son of God subsequent to His ascension into heaven. Jesus is superior to the angels including Michael. Verse 7, Jehovah has made the angels to be spirits (incorporeal, without flesh), whereas Jesus is a man who was made a life giving Spirit after His resurrection. Jesus is still a man who is filled fully with Jehovah's Holy Spirit. Angels were/are only minsters of the old and now the new covenant, whereas Jesus is the King of the new covenant. Jehovah God glorified a Man (the man Christ Jesus) above the angels He created. The author of Hebrews again emphasizes that Jesus was never an angel. Verse 8, whereas Jehovah made the angels to be ministers of the covenant, the author of Hebrews emphasizes the superiority of the Son of God, who is 100% human and filled with the Godhead fully, over the spirit angels (non flesh, non human). Psalm 45:6-7 is quoted and is a Messianic Psalm which was a double prophecy first in regards to Solomon and ultimately fulfilled in Jesus Christ. This Psalm is about the inauguration of Jesus as the King of Israel. Unlike the angels (including Michael) which can never sit on the throne of Jehovah, Jesus was appointed and predestined to sit on the Davidic throne for ever and ever. Christ's Kingdom is an eternal Kingdom and not transient in nature as the ministration of angels (Acts 15:16). No angel (including Michael) is from the line of David and thereby is disqualified from sitting on the throne of Jehovah God. Jesus qualifies as He is from the family descent of David having come after David as being a shoot, root and branch of David's family heritage. Quoting Psalm 45, the author of Hebrews attributes this Messianic Psalm in regard to the King of Israel (Solomon) to Jehoshua who is the ultimate fulfilment of all the Messianic psalms and the final King of Israel. The Kings of Israel were Jehovah's vice-regent and had the authority of Jehovah God. They represented Jehovah to the nation of Israel. In Psalm 45, David is speaking about his son Solomon as the future king prefiguring the Messiah Jehoshua as the final King. The Kings of Israel who were anointed and chosen by God were considered "mighty one's", which is one of the definitions of "God, Elohim". When David refers to his son Solomon being called "God" by Jehovah God in psalm 45 it is not saying that Solomon is God Almighty but rather a "mighty one" who was granted God's authority. In effect, the king of Israel was "a god" in the sense of being an anointed mighty one who represented God and executed His authority. This is how we are to understand verse 9 of Hebrews 1 when Jehoshua is called God by Jehovah. Jehoshua is a "Mighty One" who has been granted all authority in heaven and earth by Jehovah God. Jehoshua represents Jehovah God and is His vice-regent as the final King of Israel. Verse 8 can also be rendered as "God is your throne for ever and ever" meaning that the King of Israel has the Almighty God's authority behind his decisions and commands. Verse 9, Jehoshua lived a righteous life fulfilling the law perfectly. Jehoshua hated lawlessness (iniquity). Jehoshua affirmed the most important commandment which is that God is one. The trinity would have been a strange concept for Jehoshua. Jehovah God anointed His Son Jehoshua with the Holy Spirit more so than anyone who has ever lived. "above thy fellows" indicates that Jehoshua has been anointed far above past Messianic figures. This is why Paul says in Colossians that the fulness of the Majesty dwells in Jehoshua bodily. God's radiant shekinah glory proceeds from the risen Messiah. Also, this indicates that the entire fulness of God's character and mind dwell in Messiah. God's Spirit and glory (represented by oil) which produce His mind and character are in the Son of God without measure making Jehoshua the express image of God the Father. Jehoshua here is being anointed by Jehovah God to fulfill the offices of King and High Priest. Whenever an Israelite was made king or priest they were anointed by Jehovah to recieve His Spirit so that they can be effective in fulfilling their kingly or priestly functions.
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